Bud capping is a method of protecting the highest bud of the tree, which typically is at the top of the vertical leader (the top of the main stem) of the tree.  This is done in the fall after the growing season is over.  In this video, John Rajala and his son Ethan demonstrate the Rajala method of bud capping White Pine and Red Pine.  We also apply bud caps to Oak and at times Ash.